Mountain building, also known as orogenesis, is a geological process that involves the formation and uplift of large, elevated landforms, known as mountains. The term "orogenesis" comes from Greek ...

Explore the groundbreaking study that uses Re–Os isotope dating to reveal the timing of key tectonic events beneath Japan. Learn how Besshi-type volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits are helping ...

The water pressure of a river can cut deep into a riverbed. Sediments from the riverbed are carried downstream, creating a deep, narrow channel. This process, known as downcutting, represents the ...

For years, scientists have been trying to understand the mechanisms behind the destruction of Earth’s cratons, but results have remained elusive. Now, in a Nature Geoscience study, researchers ...

Gold has always been a hot commodity. But these days, finding a nugget isn’t too tricky: Much of the world’s gold is mined from natural veins of quartz, a glassy mineral that streaks through large ...

Beneath the North Sea, scientists have uncovered colossal sand formations, dubbed “sinkites,” that have mysteriously sunk into lighter sediments, flipping the usual geological order. Formed millions ...