In the lab, various phases of drug development occur in life sciences as new drugs and therapies are discovered and developed through extensive research. Labs are then used to ensure quality control ...

Pharmaceutical manufacturing steps are often isolated in space and time. The synthesis, isolation and purification of the drug substance (DS) and the formulation of the drug product (DP) may be ...

Historically, pharmaceutical products have been produced in a traditional ‘batch’ system, in which every operation is executed separately using a defined quantity of materials. In batch manufacturing ...